L

See, Mama Igneos.

See, Mama Igneos.

(n) The lizard bee, a mariri used in marupa sorcery as well as by healers to convey messages. AYVAYV · Ayahuasca Visions: The Religious Iconography of a Peruvian Shaman, Luna

See, layca.

(n) Considered the Womb of Pachamama, the seat of the feminine polarity of the planet. The masculine polarity is in Tibet. IGMPIGMP · Andean Awakening: An Inca Guide to Mystical Peru, DelgadoLocated on the Bolivian/Peruvian border, the lake is central to the Inca creation stories. From it sprang the sun and the moon, Inkari and Collari. The waters of the lake are said to be the tears of the Creator. A narrow strait, Tiquina, separates the lake into two bodies of water. The smaller, in the southeast, is called Lake Huiñaymarca in Bolivia and Lake Pequeño in Peru; the larger, in the northwest, is called Lake Chucuito in Bolivia and Lake Grande in Peru. More than 25 rivers empty their waters into Titicaca. One small river drains the lake at its southern end. This single outlet empties only 5 percent of the lake’s excess water; the rest is lost by evaporation under the fierce sun and strong winds of the dry Altiplano. WBCWBC · www.britannica.com (See, Appendix B and Titicaca.)

(n) (1) A type of sorcery characterized as trickster, using confusion and misdirection.

(2) Earth elemental that eats hucha. JLHJLH · Jose Luis Herrera, various lectures

(n) Bad ghost.

(n) Idol, graven image. PSLPSL · www.geocities.com/phillott/Bolivia/Dictionary02.htm — Bolivian Quechua

(n) Radiant wrapping. CHAMCHAM · Chamalu, Luis Espinoza

(v) To get dark. PSLPSL · www.geocities.com/phillott/Bolivia/Dictionary02.htm — Bolivian Quechua

(n) The Lanzón is the colloquial name for the most important statue of the central deity of the ancient Chavin culture of the central highlands of Peru. The Chavín religion was the first major religious and cultural movement in the Andes mountains, flourishing between 900 and 200 BCE. The Lanzón takes its name from the Spanish word for “lance,” an allusion to the shape of the sculpture. * See*, wanka.

The most important sacred lagoons to curanderos, located above the town of Huancabamba, near the Peru-Ecuador border. Many curanderos have been initiated at Las Huaringas and make periodic pilgrimages to the area to collect herbs. Initiation and curing rituals here involve a midday bath in a lagoon, during which one “sows” one’s soul in its waters. When one works with or bathes in the lagoon, the herbs themselves “call” one. If the curandero is for good, the good herbs are attracted to him and come near; and the bad herbs come to him who is for evil. All this is according to the affinity of the herbs, according to their function and their application. The word huaringas is formed from the word Huari, meaning “god of force” or “thick water.” The other root of huaringas is the colonial Spanish version of the word “Incas” (Ingas, meaning “lords,” or “kings.”) Thus, Las Huaringas means something akin to “place of the archetypal lords of life force and water.”  WOFWWOFW · Source not listed on the original Text Sources page.

, yerba de San Martín, verbena: (n) Hyptis verticillata Jacq. The Indians employ this plant medicinally for many purposes, especially to treat fatigue and chest ailments and pains. REPCREPC · Ruiz as an Ethnopharmacologist in Peru and Chile, Schultes [taxonomy accuracy questionable]

, layqa, laica, laiqa, laika (AYM): (n) The term is understood as a negative magician who practices black magic. That might be a concept that the Spaniards gave and would like to imprint to the native healers in order to give a bad connotation and be able to accuse them to the Inquisition in order to destroy them. TPTP · Theo Paredes (class notes and personal correspondence)A paq’o who is a sorcerer. A black magician. WOFWWOFW · Source not listed on the original Text Sources page.  The word is a loan from Aymara. In a contemporary context, the word carries a malevolent connotation. The term umu can sometimes be used interchangeably with layca. FPRAFPRA · Food, Power, and Resistance in the Andes: Exploring Quechua Verbal and Visual Narratives, Power, and Resistance in the Andes, Krögel Sorcerer or sorceress. VLAVLA · Vocabulario de la Lengua Aymara, Bertonio Female sorcerer and healer. ACAIACAI · The Andean Codex, J.E. Williams Wizard; witch; sorcerer, brujo. RS ASD Female sorcerer and healer. ACAIACAI · The Andean Codex, J.E. Williams * See*,  vtucani layca.

(v) Bind with spells. ASDASD · Vocabulario de la Lengua Aymara

See, layca.

(v) To practice witchcraft. PSLPSL · www.geocities.com/phillott/Bolivia/Dictionary02.htm — Bolivian Quechua

, leche huayo, sorva, cow tree: (n)  Couma macrocarpa is a species of tropical plant native to tropical, humid Central and South America. In the Peruvian Amazon, it is cultivated for its sap. The sticky white latex is eaten for treating diarrhea and skin ailments. It is used for patching and sealing and to waterproof canoes. The latex has been harvested for use in plastics and rubber. The fruits are chewy, milky, and sweet-tasting and attract monkeys. WIKIWIKI · en.wikipedia.org (no www)

(n) An owl, considered to be the alter-ego [nagual] of a curandera. WOFWWOFW · Source not listed on the original Text Sources page.  See, therianthropy. See, also, huachuma for another picture.

From levantar (to raise). SEESSEES · Crowell's Spanish-English & English-Spanish Dictionary A ritual step in a curandero session requiring nasal ingestion of the tabaco by patient and/or healer or assistants so as to pull out the evil from deep within the patient’s body and to strengthen the person or object being raised. Generally, the tabaco which has been macerated in alcohol, is nasally imbibed through first the left and then the right nostril. If healer and/or assistants are raising the patient, they do so from his feet to his head. The patient is instructed to shake out the evil after the raising (see, limpia). Sometimes the healer employs strong language or instructs the patient to shout profanities during the levantada or while shaking out so as to counteract the influence of the evil in his life. GOLGOL · The Gift of Life: Female Spirituality and Healing in Northern Peru, Glass-Coffin.  Bringing the dormant energy of the mesa, or a khuya, sepka, etc., to an animated state. PSPMPSPM · Peruvian Shamanism: The Pachakúti Mesa, Magee

Literally, raise the mesa. The subjects performing a curing session snuff through the nostrils (a mixture of cane alcohol, scented water, and jasmine perfume. This procedure is believed to purify the mesa (def. 2) and protect it from evil influences. WOFWWOFW · Source not listed on the original Text Sources page.Compare, raise the staff. See, perla.

(n) In the curandero’s mesa, objects are arranged according to two levels of abstraction existing in the same space/time: (1) the psychological level of the campos is linear mediation or balance (the dialectic of good and evil); and (2) the cosmological level of the four winds and the four roads seen as four triangles whose points converge in the center of the mesa forming a cross representing cyclical regeneration (death and rebirth) and metamorphosis. This crucifix is the junction of the four roads that lead to the four winds. Despite the contrast, this second level is an extension and refinement of the dualism of the first level which is implicit in the strategic grouping of power objects of the mesa. Together the levels of abstraction mediate the tension between opposites symbolized by power objects and rituals. [See, Tawantinsuyu, Appendix D (for map of the four roads), Inca medicine wheel]. WOFWWOFW · Source not listed on the original Text Sources page.

See, ceke

See, luminous body.

See, Rimacpampa.

(n) A portable sacred object representing a pledge to the ayllu — taken home and displayed in the home by the pledger — as a reminder of the debt and of the pledger’s membership in the ayllu. When the donor pays the pledge, s/he returns the limanda. (Origin of word unknown.) AWEAWE · www.anthropology.wisc.edu

(n) From Spanish limpiar (to clean). A therapeutic act performed in a curandero session. Cleansings with staffs and artes from the mesa help draw out the daño and also help the healer see the cause of affliction. In the picture below, the limpia is done not only by the healer’s assistants, but also by other patients and family members. Limpias involve the vigorous rubbing of the patient’s body in an up-to-down motion with various artes, especially staffs and swords. After each limpia, the patient is instructed to shake him or herself vigorously by jumping and fully extending the arms and legs so that elbow and knee joints pop. This action helps to disengage the evil from the patient’s body. Meanwhile, the healer and/or assistant, using their mouths, kamay the patient and/or the arte with cane alcohol, rubbing alcohol, or another liquid appropriate to the particular healer’s ritual, so as to send the evil from the patient’s body. GOLGOL · The Gift of Life: Female Spirituality and Healing in Northern Peru, Glass-Coffin.

Literally, cleansing with guinea pig. The use of a guinea pig in divining disease (sp). On suspicion of witchcraft (generally expected with an illness), the patient is rubbed with a live guinea pig which is vivisected and the entrails divined, since the sensitive guinea pig is believed to take on the body “humors” and ailments of the patient. If a patient has an organic disorder, the corresponding organ of the guinea pig is believed to become spotted or to turn black. In a case involving witchcraft, the spine of the animal is broken, indicated that a hex removal is necessary. WOFWWOFW · Source not listed on the original Text Sources page.Compare, soba con quwi at kacuni, which is a different, yet similar, procedure.

(n) Lineal descent from an ancestor or predecessor. RHCDRHCD · Random House College Dictionary The shamans of one’s tradition who have gone before and those who are yet to come; the accumulated akashic knowledge of this lineage. PGOPGO · Patt Grantham O'Neill, personal definitions written when a good one could not be found elsewhere.

(n) A spirit chosen by a community around Lake Titicaca. In colonial times, each community was encouraged to pick a saint or a Madonna as a protective spirit. IGMPIGMP · Andean Awakening: An Inca Guide to Mystical Peru, Delgado

, Peruvian lily, lily of the Incas: (n) Alstroemia ligtu. The Chileans extract a white starch from the roots which provides a soft food for babies and the elederly and those suffering from stomach ailments. This flour is very easily digested. REPCREPC · Ruiz as an Ethnopharmacologist in Peru and Chile, Schultes [taxonomy accuracy questionable]

(n) The praisemaker of an Ecuadorian festival. He rides around the town on a horse, praising the patron of the festival and others. He is pelted with candy and sugar by yumbos, who try to draw blood. His only defense is to duck his head and ride quickly. TAVTAV · The Awakening Valley, Collier and Buitrón

(n) A culture complex that has survived the colonial period and the technological changes of the modern world — a complex that has at its cultural ecological core an agropastoralism that takes advantage of environmental diversity to minimize risk and foster self sufficiency. It is the most profound meaning of the Andes and comes not from a physical description, but from the cultural outcome of 10 millennia of knowing, using and transforming the varied environments of western South America. NCANCA · Nature and Culture in the Andes, Gade The timeless Andean way of doing things. Rituals are an integral part of daily activities and there is no clear delineation between the sacred and the profane. One enduring belief is in the circulation of life-giving forces throughout the world. JARJAR · Journal of Anthropological ResearchThe Inca and pre-Inca did not think of the physical and metaphysical as being different realities. IGMPIGMP · Andean Awakening: An Inca Guide to Mystical Peru, Delgado (See, ayni and Appendices H and N for some info on pre-Inca cultures.)

(adj) Crazy; amoral. GOLGOL · The Gift of Life: Female Spirituality and Healing in Northern Peru, Glass-Coffin.

See, enredo.

(n) Literally, star ayahuasca. Also called cielo ayahuasca. EMMEMM · www.ayahuasca-shamanism.co.uk/

(n) A dream wherein you are aware that you are dreaming and can direct the dream. Ludic dreaming is taught as a higher cognitive/psychospiritual skill on many seemingly different paths, i.e., nagualismo and Bön (Tibetan shamanism). Also called dream yoga, it is considered that skill with lucid dreaming will lead to a better conscious death experience. PGOPGO · Patt Grantham O'Neill, personal definitions written when a good one could not be found elsewhere.

(n) Subtle or material entity affecting those who sleep. CHAMCHAM · Chamalu, Luis Espinoza

(n) See, zero point.

, runa kurku k’anchay : (n) A cocoon that only [qhawaqs] can perceive, a cocoon that gives us the appearance of giant luminous eggs. TEGTEG · The Eagle's Gift, Castaneda Runa kurku k’anchay differs subtly in meaning from poq’po (human energy bubble) in that it refers to a light body that is juxtaposed with the physical body, whereas poq’po refers to the living energy fields that are intimately tied into and connected with the human body. ANON1ANON1 · anonymous donor 1 (see footnote on the original Text Sources page for explanation)

, warrior of light (Eng): (n) The basic difference between an ordinary man and a warrior is that a warrior takes everything as a challenge while an ordinary man takes everything as a blessing or a curse. The self-confidence of the warrior is not the self-confidence of the average man. The average man seeks certainty in the eyes of the onlooker and calls that self-confidence. The warrior seeks impeccability in his own eyes and calls that humbleness. The average man is hooked to his fellow men, while the warrior is hooked only to infinity. The average man acts only if there is a chance for profit; warriors say they act not for profit but for the spirit. The art of being a warrior is to balance the wonder and the terror of being alive. CCVWCCVW · Carlos Castaneda, various books Character is a muscle that must be developed and exercised. The character of the Luminous Warrior consists of integrity (a self-created code of honor and conduct), impeccability in the practice of this code, the use of intelligence and compassion in lieu of force, quantum consciousness, courage and a healthy frequent connection to a spiritual practice that helps the Luminous Warrior achieve and maintain enlightenment. PGOPGO · Patt Grantham O'Neill, personal definitions written when a good one could not be found elsewhere.The Luminous Warrior has faced her fears and stepped into the power and freedom that comes from confronting and embracing her own death. She has conquered her anger and the violence within, transmuting them to compassionate action; she has no enemies. She is adept at sending her consciousness into other dimensions. AVOAVO · my notes from Alberto Villoldo, various writings and lectures See, intention, personal power, puma runa, impeccability.

(v) Sunny (make sun). ASDASD · Vocabulario de la Lengua Aymara

See, puka-lupuna, palero.

(n) Creature of God. ASDASD · Vocabulario de la Lengua Aymara

See, hurin.

(adj) Clean. QPQP · Quechua Phrasebook, Coronel-Molina